RWANDA'S NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION
The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are climate action plans submitted by countries under the Paris Agreement. Each country's NDC outlines its commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. Rwanda as a party to the UNFCCC submitted the NDC in 2020 reflecting its national circumstances, capacities, and priorities.
Rwanda's mitigation contribution takes the form of a reduction in GHG emissions relative to a business-as-usual (BAU) emissions baseline over the period 2015-2030. The contribution comprises two components:
- Unconditional contribution: A reduction of 16 per cent relative to BAU in the year 2030; equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 1.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2 e) in that year. This is an unconditional target, based on domestically supported and implemented mitigation measures and policies.
- Conditional contribution: An additional reduction of 22 per cent relative to BAU in the year 2030; equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 2.7 million tCO2 e in that year. This represents an additional targeted contribution, based on the provision of international support and funding.
RWANDA'S VISION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE
As like many other countries, Rwanda is increasingly experiencing the impacts of climate change. Rainfall has become increasingly intense and the variability is predicted to increase by 5% to 10. Changes in temperature and precipitation and their distributions are the key drivers of climate and weather-related disasters that negatively affect Rwandans and the country's economy, including droughts, floods, and landslides which result in damage to infrastructure, loss of lives and property (including crops) and contribute to soil erosion and water pollution. Rwanda is highly reliant on rain-fed agriculture both for rural livelihoods and exports of tea and coffee, in addition to depending on hydropower for half of its electricity generation. The country's ongoing economic growth is therefore highly threatened by climate change.
The Government of Rwanda is committed to urgent climate action, aiming to limit global temperature rise in line with the Paris Agreement. Despite contributing minimally to global greenhouse gas emissions, Rwanda prioritizes both mitigation and adaptation due to its high vulnerability to climate change. In 2011, Rwanda adopted the Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy (GGCRS), (revised in 2023) is aligned with the National Strategy for Transformation (NST2) for 2024-2029. The GGCRS outlines actions for transitioning to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy and informs key national strategies, including the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and the National Environment and Climate Change Policy of 2019, which aims to achieve a climate-resilient nation with a clean and healthy environment by 2050.
Key Points - Rwanda’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
2015
Baseline year
2.94 million tCO2e
Agriculture
1.68 million tCO2e
Energy
0.64 million tCO2e
Waste
0.08 million tCO2e
Industrial processes and product use
12.1 million tCO2e
Business as usual projections
1.9 million tCO2e
Unconditional contribution
2.7 million tCO2e
Conditional contribution
4.6 million tCO2e
Total reduction target
24
Adaptatation Intervantions
38
Adaptatation Indicators
8
Key sectors
Mitigation Priorities
AGRICULTURE
Climate Actions related to agriculture will reduce 49% of 4.6 million tones of greenhouse gases by 2030.
ENERGY
Climate Actions related to energy sector will reduce 34% of 4.6 million tones of greenhouse gases by 2030.
WASTE
Climate Actions in waste sector will reduce 14% of 4.6 million tones of greenhouse gases by 2030.
INDUSTRY
Climate Actions in industry sector will reduce 3% of 4.6 million tones of greenhouse gases by 2030.
Adaptation Priorities
Cross-sectoral Responses
Integrate the disaster risk monitoring, climate finance and early warning
Mining
Ensure the companies are deploying the climate compatible mining
Health
Increase the capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks
Human Settlement
Establish and adopt the green buildings to increase adaptive capacity
Land and Forestry
Promote the agroforestry, afforestation and sustainable land management
Agriculture
Promote the climate resilient livestock, crops, and employ green technologies
Water
Ensure water security, wetlands restoration, and efficient water use
Cost of Rwanda's climate action plan to 2030
USD 5.3 Billion
Adaptation Priorities
USD 5.7 Billion
Mitigation Priorities
Green Investment
Rwanda's green investment is structured in key sectors of the economy, Please explore more the Green Projects under implementation and pipeline
Investing in a Green Rwanda
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